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Solar storms, or geomagnetic storms, result from the interaction of solar wind material with Earth's magnetic field and can cause damage to electricity grids, leading to severe consequences.
For example, the March 13, 1989 geomagnetic storm resulted in a nine-hour power outage in Quebec, which led to school and business closures.
The Carrington Event of 1859, the most intense solar storm on record, caused fires at telegraph stations and widespread auroral displays, and if it happened today, it would result in extensive electrical outages and industrial damage.
NASA predicts a peak in solar activity in 2025 and an international team of scientists developed a model called DAGGER to prepare for it.
Scientists with NASA, the US Geological Survey, and the US Department of Energy have developed the DAGGER model, which can predict global geomagnetic disturbances caused by solar storms and prevent damage to modern society.
Vishal Upendran, the lead author of a paper about the model published in Space Weather, stated that the use of AI allows for rapid and precise predictions, enabling informed decision-making in the event of a solar storm.